full transcript

From the Ted Talk by Carl June: A "living drug" that could change the way we treat cancer

Unscramble the Blue Letters


So how do you get around that? Our anewsr turned out to be synthetic imnmue systems that are designed to recognize and kill cancer cells. That's right — I said a synthetic immune system. You do that with genetic engineering and synthetic biology. We did it with the naturally occurring parts of the immune system, celald B cells and T cells. These were our building blocks. T cells have eelovvd to kill cells infected with viruses, and B cells are the cells that make antibodies that are secreted and then bind to kill bacteria. Well, what if you combined these two functions in a way that was designed to repurpose them to fight cacner? We realized it would be possible to insert the genes for abitnedois from B cells into T clels.

Open Cloze


So how do you get around that? Our ______ turned out to be synthetic ______ systems that are designed to recognize and kill cancer cells. That's right — I said a synthetic immune system. You do that with genetic engineering and synthetic biology. We did it with the naturally occurring parts of the immune system, ______ B cells and T cells. These were our building blocks. T cells have _______ to kill cells infected with viruses, and B cells are the cells that make antibodies that are secreted and then bind to kill bacteria. Well, what if you combined these two functions in a way that was designed to repurpose them to fight ______? We realized it would be possible to insert the genes for __________ from B cells into T _____.

Solution


  1. called
  2. cells
  3. cancer
  4. antibodies
  5. answer
  6. immune
  7. evolved

Original Text


So how do you get around that? Our answer turned out to be synthetic immune systems that are designed to recognize and kill cancer cells. That's right — I said a synthetic immune system. You do that with genetic engineering and synthetic biology. We did it with the naturally occurring parts of the immune system, called B cells and T cells. These were our building blocks. T cells have evolved to kill cells infected with viruses, and B cells are the cells that make antibodies that are secreted and then bind to kill bacteria. Well, what if you combined these two functions in a way that was designed to repurpose them to fight cancer? We realized it would be possible to insert the genes for antibodies from B cells into T cells.

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations


ngrams of length 2

collocation frequency
immune system 8
high fevers 3
kill bacteria 2
synthetic immune 2
trojan horse 2
cells stay 2
tested car 2
incurable leukemia 2
united states 2
prison corrections 2
corrections officer 2
elevated levels 2
fda approved 2
complete remission 2

ngrams of length 3

collocation frequency
prison corrections officer 2

Important Words


  1. answer
  2. antibodies
  3. bacteria
  4. bind
  5. biology
  6. blocks
  7. building
  8. called
  9. cancer
  10. cells
  11. combined
  12. designed
  13. engineering
  14. evolved
  15. fight
  16. functions
  17. genes
  18. genetic
  19. immune
  20. infected
  21. insert
  22. kill
  23. naturally
  24. occurring
  25. parts
  26. realized
  27. recognize
  28. repurpose
  29. secreted
  30. synthetic
  31. system
  32. systems
  33. turned
  34. viruses