full transcript

From the Ted Talk by Auke Ijspeert: A robot that runs and swims like a salamander

Unscramble the Blue Letters


So let's look at how close it is to the real aimanl. So what you see here is almost a direct comparison between the walking of the real animal and the Pleurobot. You can see that we have almost a one-to-one exact replay of the walking gait. If you go backwards and slowly, you see it even better. But even better, we can do smiiwnmg. So for that we have a dry suit that we put all over the robot —

(ltghuear)

and then we can go in water and start replaying the swimming gaits. And here, we were very happy, because this is difficult to do. The physics of interaction are coplemx. Our robot is much beiggr than a small animal, so we had to do what's called dynamic scaling of the frequencies to make sure we had the same interaction piyschs. But you see at the end, we have a very close match, and we were very, very happy with this. So let's go to the snpail cord. So here what we did with Jean-Marie Cabelguen is model the spinal cord circuits. And what's itertsnnieg is that the salamander has kept a very primitive criuict, which is very similar to the one we find in the lamprey, this primitive eel-like fish, and it looks like during evuiotoln, new neural oscillators have been added to control the lbims, to do the leg locomotion. And we know where these neural oscillators are but what we did was to make a mathematical model to see how they should be coupled to allow this transition between the two very different gaits. And we tested that on board of a roobt.

Open Cloze


So let's look at how close it is to the real ______. So what you see here is almost a direct comparison between the walking of the real animal and the Pleurobot. You can see that we have almost a one-to-one exact replay of the walking gait. If you go backwards and slowly, you see it even better. But even better, we can do ________. So for that we have a dry suit that we put all over the robot —

(________)

and then we can go in water and start replaying the swimming gaits. And here, we were very happy, because this is difficult to do. The physics of interaction are _______. Our robot is much ______ than a small animal, so we had to do what's called dynamic scaling of the frequencies to make sure we had the same interaction _______. But you see at the end, we have a very close match, and we were very, very happy with this. So let's go to the ______ cord. So here what we did with Jean-Marie Cabelguen is model the spinal cord circuits. And what's ___________ is that the salamander has kept a very primitive _______, which is very similar to the one we find in the lamprey, this primitive eel-like fish, and it looks like during _________, new neural oscillators have been added to control the _____, to do the leg locomotion. And we know where these neural oscillators are but what we did was to make a mathematical model to see how they should be coupled to allow this transition between the two very different gaits. And we tested that on board of a _____.

Solution


  1. physics
  2. bigger
  3. spinal
  4. animal
  5. complex
  6. laughter
  7. swimming
  8. interesting
  9. evolution
  10. robot
  11. limbs
  12. circuit

Original Text


So let's look at how close it is to the real animal. So what you see here is almost a direct comparison between the walking of the real animal and the Pleurobot. You can see that we have almost a one-to-one exact replay of the walking gait. If you go backwards and slowly, you see it even better. But even better, we can do swimming. So for that we have a dry suit that we put all over the robot —

(Laughter)

and then we can go in water and start replaying the swimming gaits. And here, we were very happy, because this is difficult to do. The physics of interaction are complex. Our robot is much bigger than a small animal, so we had to do what's called dynamic scaling of the frequencies to make sure we had the same interaction physics. But you see at the end, we have a very close match, and we were very, very happy with this. So let's go to the spinal cord. So here what we did with Jean-Marie Cabelguen is model the spinal cord circuits. And what's interesting is that the salamander has kept a very primitive circuit, which is very similar to the one we find in the lamprey, this primitive eel-like fish, and it looks like during evolution, new neural oscillators have been added to control the limbs, to do the leg locomotion. And we know where these neural oscillators are but what we did was to make a mathematical model to see how they should be coupled to allow this transition between the two very different gaits. And we tested that on board of a robot.

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations


ngrams of length 2

collocation frequency
spinal cord 21
scientific tool 4
descending modulation 3
real animal 3
animal locomotion 2
nervous system 2
simplify locomotion 2
input signals 2
big part 2
big goal 2
salamander locomotion 2
neural oscillators 2
upper part 2
helps locomotion 2


Important Words


  1. added
  2. animal
  3. bigger
  4. board
  5. cabelguen
  6. called
  7. circuit
  8. circuits
  9. close
  10. comparison
  11. complex
  12. control
  13. cord
  14. coupled
  15. difficult
  16. direct
  17. dry
  18. dynamic
  19. evolution
  20. exact
  21. find
  22. fish
  23. frequencies
  24. gait
  25. gaits
  26. happy
  27. interaction
  28. interesting
  29. lamprey
  30. laughter
  31. leg
  32. limbs
  33. locomotion
  34. match
  35. mathematical
  36. model
  37. neural
  38. oscillators
  39. physics
  40. pleurobot
  41. primitive
  42. put
  43. real
  44. replay
  45. replaying
  46. robot
  47. salamander
  48. scaling
  49. similar
  50. slowly
  51. small
  52. spinal
  53. start
  54. suit
  55. swimming
  56. tested
  57. transition
  58. walking
  59. water