full transcript

From the Ted Talk by Jimmy Lin: A simple new blood test that can catch cancer early

Unscramble the Blue Letters


We desperately need better detection mechanisms for cancers. The current best ways to screen cancer fall into one of three caeeirtogs. First is medical procedures, which is like cploosnoocy for cloon cancer. Second is poetirn biomarkers, like PSA for prostate cancer. Or third, ingiamg techniques, such as mammography for breast cancer. madciel procedures are the gold standard; however, they are highly invasive and require a large infrastructure to implement. Protein markers, while effective in some populations, are not very specific in some circumstances, resulting in high numbers of false positives, which then results in unnecessary work-ups and unnecessary procedures. Imaging methods, while useful in some populations, expose patients to harmful radiation. In adiidotn, it is not applicable to all pitatnes. For example, mammography has problems in women with dsene bserats.

Open Cloze


We desperately need better detection mechanisms for cancers. The current best ways to screen cancer fall into one of three __________. First is medical procedures, which is like ___________ for _____ cancer. Second is _______ biomarkers, like PSA for prostate cancer. Or third, _______ techniques, such as mammography for breast cancer. _______ procedures are the gold standard; however, they are highly invasive and require a large infrastructure to implement. Protein markers, while effective in some populations, are not very specific in some circumstances, resulting in high numbers of false positives, which then results in unnecessary work-ups and unnecessary procedures. Imaging methods, while useful in some populations, expose patients to harmful radiation. In ________, it is not applicable to all ________. For example, mammography has problems in women with _____ _______.

Solution


  1. colonoscopy
  2. breasts
  3. medical
  4. protein
  5. addition
  6. colon
  7. dense
  8. categories
  9. imaging
  10. patients

Original Text


We desperately need better detection mechanisms for cancers. The current best ways to screen cancer fall into one of three categories. First is medical procedures, which is like colonoscopy for colon cancer. Second is protein biomarkers, like PSA for prostate cancer. Or third, imaging techniques, such as mammography for breast cancer. Medical procedures are the gold standard; however, they are highly invasive and require a large infrastructure to implement. Protein markers, while effective in some populations, are not very specific in some circumstances, resulting in high numbers of false positives, which then results in unnecessary work-ups and unnecessary procedures. Imaging methods, while useful in some populations, expose patients to harmful radiation. In addition, it is not applicable to all patients. For example, mammography has problems in women with dense breasts.

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations


ngrams of length 2

collocation frequency
cancer dna 4
simple blood 3
blood test 3
cancer cells 3
days earlier 3
cancer research 2
cancer genomics 2
immune system 2
fight cancer 2
sad fact 2
detect cancers 2
lung cancer 2

ngrams of length 3

collocation frequency
simple blood test 3

Important Words


  1. addition
  2. applicable
  3. biomarkers
  4. breast
  5. breasts
  6. cancer
  7. cancers
  8. categories
  9. circumstances
  10. colon
  11. colonoscopy
  12. current
  13. dense
  14. desperately
  15. detection
  16. effective
  17. expose
  18. fall
  19. false
  20. gold
  21. harmful
  22. high
  23. highly
  24. imaging
  25. implement
  26. infrastructure
  27. invasive
  28. large
  29. mammography
  30. markers
  31. mechanisms
  32. medical
  33. methods
  34. numbers
  35. patients
  36. populations
  37. positives
  38. problems
  39. procedures
  40. prostate
  41. protein
  42. psa
  43. radiation
  44. require
  45. resulting
  46. results
  47. screen
  48. specific
  49. techniques
  50. unnecessary
  51. ways
  52. women