full transcript

From the Ted Talk by Fabio Pacucci: Can a black hole be destroyed?

Unscramble the Blue Letters


Thus, unless a black hole continues to absorb additional matter and energy, it’ll erpaotvae particle by particle, at an excruciatingly slow rate. How slow? A bncarh of psyihcs, called balck hole thermodynamics, gives us an answer.

When everyday objects or celestial bodies release energy to their enviemronnt, we perceive that as heat, and can use their energy emission to measure their temperature. Black hole therimmndacoys sgsgutes that we can similarly deifne the “temperature” of a black hole. It theorizes that the more massive the black hole, the lower its ttmprueeare. The universe’s largest black holes would give off temperatures of the order of 10 to the -17th power Kelvin, very close to absolute zero. Meanwhile, one with the mass of the asteroid vseta would have a temperature close to 200 degrees Celsius, thus releasing a lot of energy in the form of Hawking Radiation to the cold outside environment. The smaller the black hole, the hotter it seems to be burning– and the sooner it’ll burn out celmoetlpy.

Open Cloze


Thus, unless a black hole continues to absorb additional matter and energy, it’ll _________ particle by particle, at an excruciatingly slow rate. How slow? A ______ of _______, called _____ hole thermodynamics, gives us an answer.

When everyday objects or celestial bodies release energy to their ___________, we perceive that as heat, and can use their energy emission to measure their temperature. Black hole ______________ ________ that we can similarly ______ the “temperature” of a black hole. It theorizes that the more massive the black hole, the lower its ___________. The universe’s largest black holes would give off temperatures of the order of 10 to the -17th power Kelvin, very close to absolute zero. Meanwhile, one with the mass of the asteroid _____ would have a temperature close to 200 degrees Celsius, thus releasing a lot of energy in the form of Hawking Radiation to the cold outside environment. The smaller the black hole, the hotter it seems to be burning– and the sooner it’ll burn out __________.

Solution


  1. black
  2. environment
  3. physics
  4. branch
  5. temperature
  6. vesta
  7. thermodynamics
  8. evaporate
  9. define
  10. completely
  11. suggests

Original Text


Thus, unless a black hole continues to absorb additional matter and energy, it’ll evaporate particle by particle, at an excruciatingly slow rate. How slow? A branch of physics, called black hole thermodynamics, gives us an answer.

When everyday objects or celestial bodies release energy to their environment, we perceive that as heat, and can use their energy emission to measure their temperature. Black hole thermodynamics suggests that we can similarly define the “temperature” of a black hole. It theorizes that the more massive the black hole, the lower its temperature. The universe’s largest black holes would give off temperatures of the order of 10 to the -17th power Kelvin, very close to absolute zero. Meanwhile, one with the mass of the asteroid Vesta would have a temperature close to 200 degrees Celsius, thus releasing a lot of energy in the form of Hawking Radiation to the cold outside environment. The smaller the black hole, the hotter it seems to be burning– and the sooner it’ll burn out completely.

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations


ngrams of length 2

collocation frequency
black hole 10
black holes 6
hawking radiation 3
stephen hawking 2
oppositely charged 2
event horizon 2


Important Words


  1. absolute
  2. absorb
  3. additional
  4. answer
  5. asteroid
  6. black
  7. bodies
  8. branch
  9. burn
  10. called
  11. celestial
  12. celsius
  13. close
  14. cold
  15. completely
  16. continues
  17. define
  18. degrees
  19. emission
  20. energy
  21. environment
  22. evaporate
  23. everyday
  24. excruciatingly
  25. form
  26. give
  27. hawking
  28. heat
  29. hole
  30. holes
  31. hotter
  32. kelvin
  33. largest
  34. lot
  35. mass
  36. massive
  37. matter
  38. measure
  39. objects
  40. order
  41. particle
  42. perceive
  43. physics
  44. power
  45. radiation
  46. rate
  47. release
  48. releasing
  49. similarly
  50. slow
  51. smaller
  52. sooner
  53. suggests
  54. temperature
  55. temperatures
  56. theorizes
  57. thermodynamics
  58. vesta