full transcript

From the Ted Talk by Thula Simpson: How did Apartheid happen, and how did it finally end?

Unscramble the Blue Letters


While the conflict grew increasingly vlioent, the 1960s saw consistent economic growth throughout South Africa. The National Party attributed this to the success of Apartheid, but it was actually due to further exploitation. epomryels were illegally hiring bcalk laborers for pnsoiitos affluent white workers didn’t want to fill. And since this prosperity was flowing dreinpilartsoopoty to the ruling white minority, the government happily turned a bnild eye.

Meanwhile, the naiontal Party leveraged global anti-communist sentiment to demonize its adversaries. In 1963, they tried Mandela and ten others for advancing communism and training recruits in guerrilla warfare. Eight of the defendants were sentenced to life in prison, and many remaining anti-Apartheid leaders were forced into exile. Over the next decade, a generation of student activists rose up to ctnioune the fhgit, led in part by Steve Biko and the South African Students Organization. Following the swtoeo Massacre, student psorteters seprad nationwide. But police violently smothered these demonstrations, killing over 600 protesters by early 1977. That same year, Biko was taken into pcoile custody and killed in a brutal assault.

Open Cloze


While the conflict grew increasingly _______, the 1960s saw consistent economic growth throughout South Africa. The National Party attributed this to the success of Apartheid, but it was actually due to further exploitation. _________ were illegally hiring _____ laborers for _________ affluent white workers didn’t want to fill. And since this prosperity was flowing __________________ to the ruling white minority, the government happily turned a _____ eye.

Meanwhile, the ________ Party leveraged global anti-communist sentiment to demonize its adversaries. In 1963, they tried Mandela and ten others for advancing communism and training recruits in guerrilla warfare. Eight of the defendants were sentenced to life in prison, and many remaining anti-Apartheid leaders were forced into exile. Over the next decade, a generation of student activists rose up to ________ the _____, led in part by Steve Biko and the South African Students Organization. Following the ______ Massacre, student __________ ______ nationwide. But police violently smothered these demonstrations, killing over 600 protesters by early 1977. That same year, Biko was taken into ______ custody and killed in a brutal assault.

Solution


  1. black
  2. police
  3. disproportionately
  4. continue
  5. soweto
  6. blind
  7. fight
  8. employers
  9. positions
  10. protesters
  11. national
  12. violent
  13. spread

Original Text


While the conflict grew increasingly violent, the 1960s saw consistent economic growth throughout South Africa. The National Party attributed this to the success of Apartheid, but it was actually due to further exploitation. Employers were illegally hiring Black laborers for positions affluent white workers didn’t want to fill. And since this prosperity was flowing disproportionately to the ruling white minority, the government happily turned a blind eye.

Meanwhile, the National Party leveraged global anti-communist sentiment to demonize its adversaries. In 1963, they tried Mandela and ten others for advancing communism and training recruits in guerrilla warfare. Eight of the defendants were sentenced to life in prison, and many remaining anti-Apartheid leaders were forced into exile. Over the next decade, a generation of student activists rose up to continue the fight, led in part by Steve Biko and the South African Students Organization. Following the Soweto Massacre, student protesters spread nationwide. But police violently smothered these demonstrations, killing over 600 protesters by early 1977. That same year, Biko was taken into police custody and killed in a brutal assault.

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations


ngrams of length 2

collocation frequency
national party 5
south africa 3
black africans 3
student protesters 2
white ruling 2
labor force 2


Important Words


  1. activists
  2. advancing
  3. adversaries
  4. affluent
  5. africa
  6. african
  7. apartheid
  8. assault
  9. attributed
  10. biko
  11. black
  12. blind
  13. brutal
  14. communism
  15. conflict
  16. consistent
  17. continue
  18. custody
  19. decade
  20. defendants
  21. demonize
  22. demonstrations
  23. disproportionately
  24. due
  25. early
  26. economic
  27. employers
  28. exile
  29. exploitation
  30. eye
  31. fight
  32. fill
  33. flowing
  34. forced
  35. generation
  36. global
  37. government
  38. grew
  39. growth
  40. guerrilla
  41. happily
  42. hiring
  43. illegally
  44. increasingly
  45. killed
  46. killing
  47. laborers
  48. leaders
  49. led
  50. leveraged
  51. life
  52. mandela
  53. massacre
  54. minority
  55. national
  56. nationwide
  57. organization
  58. part
  59. party
  60. police
  61. positions
  62. prison
  63. prosperity
  64. protesters
  65. recruits
  66. remaining
  67. rose
  68. ruling
  69. sentenced
  70. sentiment
  71. smothered
  72. south
  73. soweto
  74. spread
  75. steve
  76. student
  77. students
  78. success
  79. ten
  80. training
  81. turned
  82. violent
  83. violently
  84. warfare
  85. white
  86. workers
  87. year