full transcript

From the Ted Talk by Natalie Panek: Let's clean up the space junk orbiting Earth


Unscramble the Blue Letters


Of the nearly 7,000 satellites launched since the late 1950s, only about one in seven is currently operational, and in addition to the satellites that are no lgoner working, there's also hundreds of thousands of marble-sized debris and millions of paint chip-sized debris that are also obitrnig around the Earth. Space debirs is a major risk to space missions, but also to the satellites that we rely on each and every day.

Now, because space debris and junk has become increasingly worrisome, there have been some national and international ertffos to develop technical sdadnarts to help us limit the generation of additional debris. So for example, there are recommendations for those low-Earth orbiting spacecraft to be made to deorbit in under 25 years, but that's still a really long time, especially if a satellite hasn't been working for years. There's also mandates for those dead geostationary spacecraft to be moved into a gvryeaard obirt. But neither of these gedleuiins is binding under international law, and the understanding is that they will be ineemptelmd through national mechanisms. These guidelines are also not long-term, they're not proactive, nor do they address the debris that's already up there. They're only in place to liimt the future creation of debris. Space junk is no one's responsibility.

Open Cloze


Of the nearly 7,000 satellites launched since the late 1950s, only about one in seven is currently operational, and in addition to the satellites that are no ______ working, there's also hundreds of thousands of marble-sized debris and millions of paint chip-sized debris that are also ________ around the Earth. Space ______ is a major risk to space missions, but also to the satellites that we rely on each and every day.

Now, because space debris and junk has become increasingly worrisome, there have been some national and international _______ to develop technical _________ to help us limit the generation of additional debris. So for example, there are recommendations for those low-Earth orbiting spacecraft to be made to deorbit in under 25 years, but that's still a really long time, especially if a satellite hasn't been working for years. There's also mandates for those dead geostationary spacecraft to be moved into a _________ _____. But neither of these __________ is binding under international law, and the understanding is that they will be ___________ through national mechanisms. These guidelines are also not long-term, they're not proactive, nor do they address the debris that's already up there. They're only in place to _____ the future creation of debris. Space junk is no one's responsibility.

Solution


  1. standards
  2. graveyard
  3. orbiting
  4. implemented
  5. debris
  6. longer
  7. limit
  8. efforts
  9. orbit
  10. guidelines

Original Text


Of the nearly 7,000 satellites launched since the late 1950s, only about one in seven is currently operational, and in addition to the satellites that are no longer working, there's also hundreds of thousands of marble-sized debris and millions of paint chip-sized debris that are also orbiting around the Earth. Space debris is a major risk to space missions, but also to the satellites that we rely on each and every day.

Now, because space debris and junk has become increasingly worrisome, there have been some national and international efforts to develop technical standards to help us limit the generation of additional debris. So for example, there are recommendations for those low-Earth orbiting spacecraft to be made to deorbit in under 25 years, but that's still a really long time, especially if a satellite hasn't been working for years. There's also mandates for those dead geostationary spacecraft to be moved into a graveyard orbit. But neither of these guidelines is binding under international law, and the understanding is that they will be implemented through national mechanisms. These guidelines are also not long-term, they're not proactive, nor do they address the debris that's already up there. They're only in place to limit the future creation of debris. Space junk is no one's responsibility.

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations


ngrams of length 2

collocation frequency
send satellites 3
orbital environment 2
international laws 2
kilometers altitude 2
altitude satellites 2
space debris 2
robotic arm 2

ngrams of length 3

collocation frequency
kilometers altitude satellites 2


Important Words


  1. addition
  2. additional
  3. address
  4. binding
  5. creation
  6. day
  7. dead
  8. debris
  9. deorbit
  10. develop
  11. earth
  12. efforts
  13. future
  14. generation
  15. geostationary
  16. graveyard
  17. guidelines
  18. hundreds
  19. implemented
  20. increasingly
  21. international
  22. junk
  23. late
  24. launched
  25. law
  26. limit
  27. long
  28. longer
  29. major
  30. mandates
  31. mechanisms
  32. millions
  33. missions
  34. moved
  35. national
  36. operational
  37. orbit
  38. orbiting
  39. paint
  40. place
  41. proactive
  42. recommendations
  43. rely
  44. responsibility
  45. risk
  46. satellite
  47. satellites
  48. space
  49. spacecraft
  50. standards
  51. technical
  52. thousands
  53. time
  54. understanding
  55. working
  56. worrisome
  57. years