full transcript

From the Ted Talk by Devin Shuman: The genes you don't get from your parents (but can't live without)

Unscramble the Blue Letters


So all mitochondria use oxygen and mtealtbeios to create energy and have their own DNA, but mitochondrial DNA veiars more across species than other DNA. In mamalms, mitochondria usually have 37 genes. In some plntas, like cucumbers, mitochondria have up to 65 genes, and some fungal mitochondria have only 1. A few microbes that live in oxygen-poor environments seem to be on the way to losing their mitochondria entirely, and one group, oxymonad monocercomonoides, already has.

This variety etisxs because mhrtoiodcnia are still evolving, both in tandem with the organisms that contain them, and separately, on their own timeline. To understand how that’s possible, it helps to take a closer look at what the mitochondria inside us are doing, starting from the moment we’re conceived.

Open Cloze


So all mitochondria use oxygen and ___________ to create energy and have their own DNA, but mitochondrial DNA ______ more across species than other DNA. In _______, mitochondria usually have 37 genes. In some ______, like cucumbers, mitochondria have up to 65 genes, and some fungal mitochondria have only 1. A few microbes that live in oxygen-poor environments seem to be on the way to losing their mitochondria entirely, and one group, oxymonad monocercomonoides, already has.

This variety ______ because ____________ are still evolving, both in tandem with the organisms that contain them, and separately, on their own timeline. To understand how that’s possible, it helps to take a closer look at what the mitochondria inside us are doing, starting from the moment we’re conceived.

Solution


  1. metabolites
  2. mitochondria
  3. mammals
  4. plants
  5. varies
  6. exists

Original Text


So all mitochondria use oxygen and metabolites to create energy and have their own DNA, but mitochondrial DNA varies more across species than other DNA. In mammals, mitochondria usually have 37 genes. In some plants, like cucumbers, mitochondria have up to 65 genes, and some fungal mitochondria have only 1. A few microbes that live in oxygen-poor environments seem to be on the way to losing their mitochondria entirely, and one group, oxymonad monocercomonoides, already has.

This variety exists because mitochondria are still evolving, both in tandem with the organisms that contain them, and separately, on their own timeline. To understand how that’s possible, it helps to take a closer look at what the mitochondria inside us are doing, starting from the moment we’re conceived.

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations


ngrams of length 2

collocation frequency
mitochondrial dna 7
red blood 2


Important Words


  1. closer
  2. conceived
  3. create
  4. cucumbers
  5. dna
  6. energy
  7. environments
  8. evolving
  9. exists
  10. fungal
  11. genes
  12. group
  13. helps
  14. live
  15. losing
  16. mammals
  17. metabolites
  18. microbes
  19. mitochondria
  20. mitochondrial
  21. moment
  22. monocercomonoides
  23. organisms
  24. oxygen
  25. oxymonad
  26. plants
  27. separately
  28. species
  29. starting
  30. tandem
  31. timeline
  32. understand
  33. varies
  34. variety