full transcript

From the Ted Talk by Marc Adam Hertzman and Flavio dos Santos Gomes: The kingdom hidden in Brazil

Unscramble the Blue Letters


It citoessnd of a central capital linking denzos of vlliages, which specialized in particular agricultural goods or served as military tnainrig grounds. Citizens of Palmares, or Palmaristas, were governed by a king and defended by an organized military. African people and Brazilian-born Black and Indigenous people all came seeking refuge. They collectively fsheid, hunted, raised livestock, planted ocrhrdas, and grew crops like cassava, corn, and sugarcane. They also made use of the abundant palm trees for which prmaelas was neamd, turning palm pdrotcus into butter, wine, and light. Palmaristas crafted palm husks into pipes and leaves into mats and baskets. They traded some of these goods with Portuguese settlers for products like gunpowder and salt. In turn, settlers avoided Palmares’ radis during which they’d seize weapons and take civeptas.

Open Cloze


It _________ of a central capital linking ______ of ________, which specialized in particular agricultural goods or served as military ________ grounds. Citizens of Palmares, or Palmaristas, were governed by a king and defended by an organized military. African people and Brazilian-born Black and Indigenous people all came seeking refuge. They collectively ______, hunted, raised livestock, planted ________, and grew crops like cassava, corn, and sugarcane. They also made use of the abundant palm trees for which ________ was _____, turning palm ________ into butter, wine, and light. Palmaristas crafted palm husks into pipes and leaves into mats and baskets. They traded some of these goods with Portuguese settlers for products like gunpowder and salt. In turn, settlers avoided Palmares’ _____ during which they’d seize weapons and take ________.

Solution


  1. palmares
  2. villages
  3. orchards
  4. fished
  5. dozens
  6. raids
  7. named
  8. captives
  9. training
  10. products
  11. consisted

Original Text


It consisted of a central capital linking dozens of villages, which specialized in particular agricultural goods or served as military training grounds. Citizens of Palmares, or Palmaristas, were governed by a king and defended by an organized military. African people and Brazilian-born Black and Indigenous people all came seeking refuge. They collectively fished, hunted, raised livestock, planted orchards, and grew crops like cassava, corn, and sugarcane. They also made use of the abundant palm trees for which Palmares was named, turning palm products into butter, wine, and light. Palmaristas crafted palm husks into pipes and leaves into mats and baskets. They traded some of these goods with Portuguese settlers for products like gunpowder and salt. In turn, settlers avoided Palmares’ raids during which they’d seize weapons and take captives.

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations


ngrams of length 2

collocation frequency
african people 2


Important Words


  1. abundant
  2. african
  3. agricultural
  4. avoided
  5. baskets
  6. black
  7. butter
  8. capital
  9. captives
  10. cassava
  11. central
  12. citizens
  13. collectively
  14. consisted
  15. corn
  16. crafted
  17. crops
  18. defended
  19. dozens
  20. fished
  21. goods
  22. governed
  23. grew
  24. grounds
  25. gunpowder
  26. hunted
  27. husks
  28. indigenous
  29. king
  30. leaves
  31. light
  32. linking
  33. livestock
  34. mats
  35. military
  36. named
  37. orchards
  38. organized
  39. palm
  40. palmares
  41. palmaristas
  42. people
  43. pipes
  44. planted
  45. portuguese
  46. products
  47. raids
  48. raised
  49. refuge
  50. salt
  51. seeking
  52. seize
  53. served
  54. settlers
  55. specialized
  56. sugarcane
  57. traded
  58. training
  59. trees
  60. turn
  61. turning
  62. villages
  63. weapons
  64. wine