TedTest

From the Ted Talk by Armand D'Angour: The real story behind Archimedes' Eureka!

Unscramble the Blue Letters

When you think of Archimedes' "Eureka!" moenmt, you probably think of this. As it turns out, it may have been more like this. In the third century BC, Hieron, king of the Sicilian city of Syracuse, chose acihmeerds to supervise an eingneenirg proejct of unprecedented scale. Hieron commissioned a sailing vessel 50 times bigger than a standard ancient warship, named the Syracusia after his city. Hieron wanted to construct the largest ship ever, which was destined to be given as a present for Egypt's ruelr, Ptolemy. But could a boat the size of a palace possibly float? In Archimedes's day, no one had attempted anything like this. It was like asking, "Can a mountain fly?" King Hieron had a lot riding on that question. Hundreds of wekrmon were to labor for years on constructing the Syracusia out of beams of pine and fir from Mount Etna, ropes from hemp gwron in Spain, and pitch from France. The top deck, on which eight watchtowers were to stand, was to be supported not by columns, but by vast wooden ieamgs of aatls holding the world on his shoulders. On the ship's bow, a massive catapult would be able to fire 180 pnuod snote missiles. For the enjoyment of its passengers, the ship was to feature a flower-lined promenade, a sheltered swimming pool, and bathhouse with hetead water, a lairbry filled with books and statues, a temple to the goddess Aphrodite, and a gaunmsyim. And just to make things more dciufilft for Archimedes, Hieron intended to pack the vessel full of cargo: 400 tons of grain, 10,000 jars of pickled fish, 74 tons of dnknirig wtaer, and 600 tons of wool. It would have creiard well over a thousand popele on board, including 600 soldiers. And it huosed 20 horses in separate stalls. To build something of this scale, only for that to sink on its maiden voyage? Well, let's just say that failure wouldn't have been a pleasant option for Archimedes. So he took on the problem: will it sink? Perhaps he was sitting in the bathhouse one day, wondering how a heavy bathtub can float, when inspiration came to him. An object ptrlaliay immersed in a fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the ocbjet. In other words, if a 2,000 ton ssrcyauia displaced exactly 2,000 tons of water, it would just barely float. If it displaced 4,000 tons of water, it would foalt with no problem. Of course, if it only displaced 1,000 tons of water, well, Hieron wouldn't be too happy. This is the law of buoyancy, and engineers still call it Archimedes' Principle. It eixalpns why a steel supertanker can float as easily as a wooden rabwoot or a bathtub. If the weight of water displaced by the vsseel below the keel is equivalent to the vessel's weight, whatever is above the keel will remain aafolt above the weriantle. This sounds a lot like another story involving Archimedes and a bathtub, and it's possible that's because they're actually the same stroy, twisted by the vaagries of history. The classical story of Archimedes' Eureka! and subsequent streak through the sreetts centers around a crown, or corona in Latin. At the core of the Syracusia story is a keel, or korone in Greek. Could one have been mixed up for the other? We may never know. On the day the Syracusia arrived in Egypt on its first and only voyage, we can only imagine how rtsndeeis of Alexandria thronged the hrobar to mvearl at the arrival of this mjseitac, floating castle. This extraordinary vessel was the Titanic of the ancient world, except without the sinking, thanks to our pal, Archimedes.

Open Cloze

When you think of Archimedes' "Eureka!" ______, you probably think of this. As it turns out, it may have been more like this. In the third century BC, Hieron, king of the Sicilian city of Syracuse, chose __________ to supervise an ___________ _______ of unprecedented scale. Hieron commissioned a sailing vessel 50 times bigger than a standard ancient warship, named the Syracusia after his city. Hieron wanted to construct the largest ship ever, which was destined to be given as a present for Egypt's _____, Ptolemy. But could a boat the size of a palace possibly float? In Archimedes's day, no one had attempted anything like this. It was like asking, "Can a mountain fly?" King Hieron had a lot riding on that question. Hundreds of _______ were to labor for years on constructing the Syracusia out of beams of pine and fir from Mount Etna, ropes from hemp _____ in Spain, and pitch from France. The top deck, on which eight watchtowers were to stand, was to be supported not by columns, but by vast wooden ______ of _____ holding the world on his shoulders. On the ship's bow, a massive catapult would be able to fire 180 _____ _____ missiles. For the enjoyment of its passengers, the ship was to feature a flower-lined promenade, a sheltered swimming pool, and bathhouse with ______ water, a _______ filled with books and statues, a temple to the goddess Aphrodite, and a _________. And just to make things more _________ for Archimedes, Hieron intended to pack the vessel full of cargo: 400 tons of grain, 10,000 jars of pickled fish, 74 tons of ________ _____, and 600 tons of wool. It would have _______ well over a thousand ______ on board, including 600 soldiers. And it ______ 20 horses in separate stalls. To build something of this scale, only for that to sink on its maiden voyage? Well, let's just say that failure wouldn't have been a pleasant option for Archimedes. So he took on the problem: will it sink? Perhaps he was sitting in the bathhouse one day, wondering how a heavy bathtub can float, when inspiration came to him. An object _________ immersed in a fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the ______. In other words, if a 2,000 ton _________ displaced exactly 2,000 tons of water, it would just barely float. If it displaced 4,000 tons of water, it would _____ with no problem. Of course, if it only displaced 1,000 tons of water, well, Hieron wouldn't be too happy. This is the law of buoyancy, and engineers still call it Archimedes' Principle. It ________ why a steel supertanker can float as easily as a wooden _______ or a bathtub. If the weight of water displaced by the ______ below the keel is equivalent to the vessel's weight, whatever is above the keel will remain ______ above the _________. This sounds a lot like another story involving Archimedes and a bathtub, and it's possible that's because they're actually the same _____, twisted by the ________ of history. The classical story of Archimedes' Eureka! and subsequent streak through the _______ centers around a crown, or corona in Latin. At the core of the Syracusia story is a keel, or korone in Greek. Could one have been mixed up for the other? We may never know. On the day the Syracusia arrived in Egypt on its first and only voyage, we can only imagine how _________ of Alexandria thronged the ______ to ______ at the arrival of this ________, floating castle. This extraordinary vessel was the Titanic of the ancient world, except without the sinking, thanks to our pal, Archimedes.

Solution

streets
object
partially
residents
explains
people
library
majestic
ruler
archimedes
atlas
waterline
workmen
syracusia
difficult
housed
moment
rowboat
harbor
grown
afloat
water
images
heated
stone
marvel
story
pound
vessel
engineering
float
vagaries
carried
drinking
gymnasium
project

Original Text

When you think of Archimedes' "Eureka!" moment, you probably think of this. As it turns out, it may have been more like this. In the third century BC, Hieron, king of the Sicilian city of Syracuse, chose Archimedes to supervise an engineering project of unprecedented scale. Hieron commissioned a sailing vessel 50 times bigger than a standard ancient warship, named the Syracusia after his city. Hieron wanted to construct the largest ship ever, which was destined to be given as a present for Egypt's ruler, Ptolemy. But could a boat the size of a palace possibly float? In Archimedes's day, no one had attempted anything like this. It was like asking, "Can a mountain fly?" King Hieron had a lot riding on that question. Hundreds of workmen were to labor for years on constructing the Syracusia out of beams of pine and fir from Mount Etna, ropes from hemp grown in Spain, and pitch from France. The top deck, on which eight watchtowers were to stand, was to be supported not by columns, but by vast wooden images of Atlas holding the world on his shoulders. On the ship's bow, a massive catapult would be able to fire 180 pound stone missiles. For the enjoyment of its passengers, the ship was to feature a flower-lined promenade, a sheltered swimming pool, and bathhouse with heated water, a library filled with books and statues, a temple to the goddess Aphrodite, and a gymnasium. And just to make things more difficult for Archimedes, Hieron intended to pack the vessel full of cargo: 400 tons of grain, 10,000 jars of pickled fish, 74 tons of drinking water, and 600 tons of wool. It would have carried well over a thousand people on board, including 600 soldiers. And it housed 20 horses in separate stalls. To build something of this scale, only for that to sink on its maiden voyage? Well, let's just say that failure wouldn't have been a pleasant option for Archimedes. So he took on the problem: will it sink? Perhaps he was sitting in the bathhouse one day, wondering how a heavy bathtub can float, when inspiration came to him. An object partially immersed in a fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. In other words, if a 2,000 ton Syracusia displaced exactly 2,000 tons of water, it would just barely float. If it displaced 4,000 tons of water, it would float with no problem. Of course, if it only displaced 1,000 tons of water, well, Hieron wouldn't be too happy. This is the law of buoyancy, and engineers still call it Archimedes' Principle. It explains why a steel supertanker can float as easily as a wooden rowboat or a bathtub. If the weight of water displaced by the vessel below the keel is equivalent to the vessel's weight, whatever is above the keel will remain afloat above the waterline. This sounds a lot like another story involving Archimedes and a bathtub, and it's possible that's because they're actually the same story, twisted by the vagaries of history. The classical story of Archimedes' Eureka! and subsequent streak through the streets centers around a crown, or corona in Latin. At the core of the Syracusia story is a keel, or korone in Greek. Could one have been mixed up for the other? We may never know. On the day the Syracusia arrived in Egypt on its first and only voyage, we can only imagine how residents of Alexandria thronged the harbor to marvel at the arrival of this majestic, floating castle. This extraordinary vessel was the Titanic of the ancient world, except without the sinking, thanks to our pal, Archimedes.

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations

Important Words

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