full transcript

From the Ted Talk by Curtis Austin: The real story of the Black Panther Party


Unscramble the Blue Letters


Good afternoon. I've been known as many things over the course of my life. I've been known as a son, a brother, a husband, an educator. But in 2008, I became known as a felon. And I became known as a felon through a very coriuus set of circumstances. I was thcaeing at a university in Mississippi at the time, teaching the History of the Civil Rights Movement, and I needed a car. So, I did what most people would do. I went on the Internet and I found a car. This car I found was in Des Moines, Iowa. So I was going to fly to Des meions and drive the car back. A few weeks before that, I'd had a book signing, and I actually ran out of books at this book signing, but people wanted the books, so they gave me cash, and wrote me checks, and said, "The next time you come through town just bring the books with you." And I said, "OK." I'd do that. I knew that when I was driving this car back from Iowa, I was going to have to pass through this town, so, I took the books with me. I packed my stuff up, went to the airport, cekechd in, made my way through security. And then I hear my name over the intercom. "Curtis Austin, return to the check-in counter." And so I do. I get back to the check-in counter, and there's this bevy of airport police and TSA agents surrounding my bag, just hovering over my bag. And they've got these books, and they're looking at these books. And the book has this pitcrue on the cevor. It's a book about the Black Panther Party. And they're flummoxed. They're taken aback, you know? They've got this black man, he's got a one-way ticket to Iowa, no clothes, no toiletries, and all these books. And so they said, "Well, we're going to have to call the FBI." I said, "Whoa! The FBI? Why?" He says, "Well, that's what we do in situations like this." And that's what they did. They called the FBI. And the FBI came to the airport. TSA and airport sreuticy etreocsd me upsaitrs, put me in a room, and this FBI agent came in the room and beagn to interrogate me, but he had this book. He was going through this book, and then he'd ask me questions, he'd look in the book and ask me more questions, and this itgrinartoeon went on for hrous. And I finally worked up the nvere to say, "Am I under arsret?" And he said, "No, we're just asking questions here." And I said, "Well, does that mean I can leave?" And he said, "Yeah, you can lvaee." So that's what I did. I left. I found another flight. I went to Des Moines. I bguoht the car and dvroe it back and deprpod the books off and went back to work. I didn't think much more about it. I mean, I thought it was bizarre, but I grew up blcak in Mississippi and so you get used to the bizarre. (Laughter) And I don't think about it anymore until one day I'm talking with my boss, and she says, "Curtis, we have a problem." And I said, "OK, what kind of problem do we have?" She said, "Well, it's come to my attention that you're a felon, and we can't allow feonls to teach at the University." A felon?! Wait a minute. This is a classic WTF mneomt for me, right? (Laughter) I don't know what's going on and she doesn't either, but she says, "I think you should call the FBI." That's what I do. I call the FBI, tell them who I am and why I'm calling, and they look me up on their system and the woman I'm talking to says, "Yeah, it says you're a foeln." I said, "Well, what did I do?" She said, "I don't know." I said, "When did I do it?" She said, "I don't know." I said, "Where did I do it?" She said, "I don't know. In fact I don't have any more information. Maybe, if you call the U.S. Attorney's office, they can give you more iofrntoaimn. She gave me the number for the U.S. Attorney's oifcfe. I cealld them. They looked me up in their system, and the person I spoke with said, "Yes, It says here you're a felon." And I asked the same set of questions, and got the same exact set of answers. "I don't know." It literally takes me more than two years to get this felony removed from my record. I came to understand that the felony was on my record because I had written a book about the Black Panther Party. Some of you may be familiar with the Black Panther ptray. For those of you who are not, it was an organization that started in 1966 in Oakland, California, as an effort to peernvt the police brutality and mdreur of black polpee. But it also organized around a range of other ieusss that were affecting the black community, like healthcare, and hniosug, and full employment, and fairness in the courts. They wanted blacks to be tried by juries of their peers because to that pniot they were being tried by all wteihs. While they were organizing around these issues, the psers was vilifying them and demonizing them and tilelng lies about them. In fact, one of the lies is that it was this group of black men who wtnead to go out and kill white people. That's what they were about. Nothing could be further from the truth. The fact of the mettar is the Black Panther Party, the majority of the people in the Black Panther Party were not men, they were women. And a few years after their party started, the majority of the leadership of the Black Panther Party were women. So, It just wasn't true that there's this group of black men going around and killing white people. Another lie that has been told about this organization is it was racist and anti-white, and they just didn't like white people at all. Well, also not true, and I'll prove that to you. The Panthers would find out what the problems were in their communities and attempt to solve them. For example, they realized that children weren't learning in school, and they weren't learning because they were hurngy. So they decided to feed the chedlirn. They were going to feed them before sochol, so they creeatd these free breakfast porgamrs. And the way they created these programs was to go to the grocery stores in their cioimuenmts, ask the grocery store owners if they would dntoae milk, and beard, and eggs, and meat, and cereal, other things people eat for breakfast, and these store owners said yes, and they donated these items. All over the country, in every city where there was a chapter of the Black Panther Party, - and there were about 40 - there was a free breakfast program. It's not likely that these white bessiuns owners would donate to the Black ptenahr Party if they were actually racist. Another thing they did in the community to serve the people was they created free health clinics. Again, they went around and found out there were a rgane of health problems that nedeed to be attended to. Black people were rather poor, so they couldn't afford to go to dotocrs, couldn't afford to go to hpiotsals. So the Panthers went to hospitals and medical schools and asked the doctors and medical students whether they would come to the black community and deal with some of these medical issues. Overwhelmingly, they said yes. Again, all over the country, in cities wherever the Black Panther Party set up chapters, there were these free hetalh clinics; although they were being run by the Black Panther Party, they were peopled by white people, so I don't know how they could be racist and anti-white if their signature programs were actually being supported by fairly wealthy and often middle class white people. One of the people who was very, very good at pulling individuals, white and others, into the Black Panther Party orbit, was a guy by the name of Fred Hampton. Fred Hampton was the leaedr of the Chicago cepthar of the Black Panther Party. He was a very eloquent speaker. He was very persuasive. Fred Hampton could persuade people that there was actual injustice. More itlrmpnotay than that, he could persuade people that they should do something to combat that injustice. So in addition to going to these hospitals, and grecroy stores, and getting the things they needed for their programs, Fred Hampton also worked with other groups and oritzagannois who were Latino, Asian, Native American, even large groups of poor whites who had moved up from the South or into cchgaio from Appalachia. They would work with these organizations and set up the same kinds of programs in their communities. They were very successful at this, but the government didn't like what they were doing, so in addition to viilfniyg and discrediting them in the press, they began to arrest its members and in very extreme cases, to kill its members. And thats exactly what happened to Fred Hampton. On dcemeber 4th, 1969, the Chicago Police Department, the iiliolns sttae Attorney's Office, burst into Fred Hampton's apartment at 4:30 in the morning, while he and everyone else in there were asleep, and just began spraying the place with blutles. It wounded several people. There was a person guarding the door named Mark calrk. They shot him straight through the heart, and he died immediately. They make their way through the husoe to Fred Hampton's booderm, find him there, he's asleep, because he's been drugged, but he's aeselp next to his girlfriend who's eight and a half months prgnaent, and they grab Fred Hampton by his hair and shoot him in the back of the head at point blank range twice, killing him instantly. That's the end of Fred hpaomtn. So we have to ask ourselves, what is it about this organization that prompt's such an irrational, over the top, and etrmexe rsesnpoe, that 40 years after the organization has died, a lowly pesrofosr like myself can be seotppd in an airport, detained for hours, questioned, then laebeld a felon for sipmly wtriing a book about the oangaziirotn? Why does Fred Hampton have to pay with his life for simply organizing around issues, that everybody — there's nothing wrong with feeing kids, and taking care of sick people. There's nothing wrnog with not wanting to be killed by the police. So we have to ask ourselves, what is it about this organization? And I'll tell you. The thing about this organization is that it was actually anti-racist, and it made a point to work with all people whether it was upper and middle class whites, lower class whites, Asians, latinos, Native aaecnimrs. Anybody who wanted to help solve these problems, this organization was willing to work with them, and that was the problem. If this interracial organization was not effective, people would not have been so dead set against it. So it wasn't just Fred Hampton who had to pay. It wasn't just me who had to pay with being labeled a felon. You probably saw this a few weeks ago. bcoeyne performed at the Super Bowl, at the halftime show, and she and the wmeon who were dancing with her, desersd up in these black leather outitfs, these black berets, and they were dressed that way to pay homage to the Black Panther Party. 2016 marks the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Black Panther Party and they were trying to honor this community service organization. But what they got in return was a ton of hate mail. People all over the country are saying they are racist and anti-white, they are cop haters. Police officers has said that they don't want to give her the security she needs at her cectrons. Mayors have said they don't want her in their town. Beyonce is racist. Beyonce. I mean, racy maybe? But not racist. (Laughter) So, we just have to keep asking ourselves why are we told these soirets about the Black Panther Party, and who benefits from us knowing these lies. I want to encourage you to do your own research about the party, but be careful when you're doing your research because I've been studying this subject for 25 yaers now, and what I've dsevecorid is that 73% of all the newspaper articles writetn about the Black Panther Party, were written by the FBI, or people the FBI recruited. So there is all this villainy and misinformation. And we spoke about Fred Hampton a second ago, and I just want to tell you that Fred Hampton and Mark Clark's family actually sued the city of Chicago, the State Attorney's Office, a jury found them guilty, and they paid them almost two million dollars. But that doesn't bring Fred back, and that doesn't stop the villainy. We have to find out the truth about this organization for ourselves, and I enogacure you to do that. I also encourage you to question your own biases about what you know about arcamien hsortiy. And finally, I want to encourage you to reach out across racial lines and ethnic lines, and do your part in solving the problems that face our country today, because black people can't solve these problems on their own. whtie people can't solve them on their own. Latino people can't slvoe them on their own. Unless all of us come together as a people and solve these problems, they will never be solved. So I say to you: power to the people. (Applause)

Open Cloze


Good afternoon. I've been known as many things over the course of my life. I've been known as a son, a brother, a husband, an educator. But in 2008, I became known as a felon. And I became known as a felon through a very _______ set of circumstances. I was ________ at a university in Mississippi at the time, teaching the History of the Civil Rights Movement, and I needed a car. So, I did what most people would do. I went on the Internet and I found a car. This car I found was in Des Moines, Iowa. So I was going to fly to Des ______ and drive the car back. A few weeks before that, I'd had a book signing, and I actually ran out of books at this book signing, but people wanted the books, so they gave me cash, and wrote me checks, and said, "The next time you come through town just bring the books with you." And I said, "OK." I'd do that. I knew that when I was driving this car back from Iowa, I was going to have to pass through this town, so, I took the books with me. I packed my stuff up, went to the airport, _______ in, made my way through security. And then I hear my name over the intercom. "Curtis Austin, return to the check-in counter." And so I do. I get back to the check-in counter, and there's this bevy of airport police and TSA agents surrounding my bag, just hovering over my bag. And they've got these books, and they're looking at these books. And the book has this _______ on the _____. It's a book about the Black Panther Party. And they're flummoxed. They're taken aback, you know? They've got this black man, he's got a one-way ticket to Iowa, no clothes, no toiletries, and all these books. And so they said, "Well, we're going to have to call the FBI." I said, "Whoa! The FBI? Why?" He says, "Well, that's what we do in situations like this." And that's what they did. They called the FBI. And the FBI came to the airport. TSA and airport ________ ________ me ________, put me in a room, and this FBI agent came in the room and _____ to interrogate me, but he had this book. He was going through this book, and then he'd ask me questions, he'd look in the book and ask me more questions, and this _____________ went on for _____. And I finally worked up the _____ to say, "Am I under ______?" And he said, "No, we're just asking questions here." And I said, "Well, does that mean I can leave?" And he said, "Yeah, you can _____." So that's what I did. I left. I found another flight. I went to Des Moines. I ______ the car and _____ it back and _______ the books off and went back to work. I didn't think much more about it. I mean, I thought it was bizarre, but I grew up _____ in Mississippi and so you get used to the bizarre. (Laughter) And I don't think about it anymore until one day I'm talking with my boss, and she says, "Curtis, we have a problem." And I said, "OK, what kind of problem do we have?" She said, "Well, it's come to my attention that you're a felon, and we can't allow ______ to teach at the University." A felon?! Wait a minute. This is a classic WTF ______ for me, right? (Laughter) I don't know what's going on and she doesn't either, but she says, "I think you should call the FBI." That's what I do. I call the FBI, tell them who I am and why I'm calling, and they look me up on their system and the woman I'm talking to says, "Yeah, it says you're a _____." I said, "Well, what did I do?" She said, "I don't know." I said, "When did I do it?" She said, "I don't know." I said, "Where did I do it?" She said, "I don't know. In fact I don't have any more information. Maybe, if you call the U.S. Attorney's office, they can give you more ___________. She gave me the number for the U.S. Attorney's ______. I ______ them. They looked me up in their system, and the person I spoke with said, "Yes, It says here you're a felon." And I asked the same set of questions, and got the same exact set of answers. "I don't know." It literally takes me more than two years to get this felony removed from my record. I came to understand that the felony was on my record because I had written a book about the Black Panther Party. Some of you may be familiar with the Black Panther _____. For those of you who are not, it was an organization that started in 1966 in Oakland, California, as an effort to _______ the police brutality and ______ of black ______. But it also organized around a range of other ______ that were affecting the black community, like healthcare, and _______, and full employment, and fairness in the courts. They wanted blacks to be tried by juries of their peers because to that _____ they were being tried by all ______. While they were organizing around these issues, the _____ was vilifying them and demonizing them and _______ lies about them. In fact, one of the lies is that it was this group of black men who ______ to go out and kill white people. That's what they were about. Nothing could be further from the truth. The fact of the ______ is the Black Panther Party, the majority of the people in the Black Panther Party were not men, they were women. And a few years after their party started, the majority of the leadership of the Black Panther Party were women. So, It just wasn't true that there's this group of black men going around and killing white people. Another lie that has been told about this organization is it was racist and anti-white, and they just didn't like white people at all. Well, also not true, and I'll prove that to you. The Panthers would find out what the problems were in their communities and attempt to solve them. For example, they realized that children weren't learning in school, and they weren't learning because they were ______. So they decided to feed the ________. They were going to feed them before ______, so they _______ these free breakfast ________. And the way they created these programs was to go to the grocery stores in their ___________, ask the grocery store owners if they would ______ milk, and _____, and eggs, and meat, and cereal, other things people eat for breakfast, and these store owners said yes, and they donated these items. All over the country, in every city where there was a chapter of the Black Panther Party, - and there were about 40 - there was a free breakfast program. It's not likely that these white ________ owners would donate to the Black _______ Party if they were actually racist. Another thing they did in the community to serve the people was they created free health clinics. Again, they went around and found out there were a _____ of health problems that ______ to be attended to. Black people were rather poor, so they couldn't afford to go to _______, couldn't afford to go to _________. So the Panthers went to hospitals and medical schools and asked the doctors and medical students whether they would come to the black community and deal with some of these medical issues. Overwhelmingly, they said yes. Again, all over the country, in cities wherever the Black Panther Party set up chapters, there were these free ______ clinics; although they were being run by the Black Panther Party, they were peopled by white people, so I don't know how they could be racist and anti-white if their signature programs were actually being supported by fairly wealthy and often middle class white people. One of the people who was very, very good at pulling individuals, white and others, into the Black Panther Party orbit, was a guy by the name of Fred Hampton. Fred Hampton was the ______ of the Chicago _______ of the Black Panther Party. He was a very eloquent speaker. He was very persuasive. Fred Hampton could persuade people that there was actual injustice. More ___________ than that, he could persuade people that they should do something to combat that injustice. So in addition to going to these hospitals, and _______ stores, and getting the things they needed for their programs, Fred Hampton also worked with other groups and _____________ who were Latino, Asian, Native American, even large groups of poor whites who had moved up from the South or into _______ from Appalachia. They would work with these organizations and set up the same kinds of programs in their communities. They were very successful at this, but the government didn't like what they were doing, so in addition to _________ and discrediting them in the press, they began to arrest its members and in very extreme cases, to kill its members. And thats exactly what happened to Fred Hampton. On ________ 4th, 1969, the Chicago Police Department, the ________ _____ Attorney's Office, burst into Fred Hampton's apartment at 4:30 in the morning, while he and everyone else in there were asleep, and just began spraying the place with _______. It wounded several people. There was a person guarding the door named Mark _____. They shot him straight through the heart, and he died immediately. They make their way through the _____ to Fred Hampton's _______, find him there, he's asleep, because he's been drugged, but he's ______ next to his girlfriend who's eight and a half months ________, and they grab Fred Hampton by his hair and shoot him in the back of the head at point blank range twice, killing him instantly. That's the end of Fred _______. So we have to ask ourselves, what is it about this organization that prompt's such an irrational, over the top, and _______ ________, that 40 years after the organization has died, a lowly _________ like myself can be _______ in an airport, detained for hours, questioned, then _______ a felon for ______ _______ a book about the ____________? Why does Fred Hampton have to pay with his life for simply organizing around issues, that everybody — there's nothing wrong with feeing kids, and taking care of sick people. There's nothing _____ with not wanting to be killed by the police. So we have to ask ourselves, what is it about this organization? And I'll tell you. The thing about this organization is that it was actually anti-racist, and it made a point to work with all people whether it was upper and middle class whites, lower class whites, Asians, latinos, Native _________. Anybody who wanted to help solve these problems, this organization was willing to work with them, and that was the problem. If this interracial organization was not effective, people would not have been so dead set against it. So it wasn't just Fred Hampton who had to pay. It wasn't just me who had to pay with being labeled a felon. You probably saw this a few weeks ago. _______ performed at the Super Bowl, at the halftime show, and she and the _____ who were dancing with her, _______ up in these black leather _______, these black berets, and they were dressed that way to pay homage to the Black Panther Party. 2016 marks the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Black Panther Party and they were trying to honor this community service organization. But what they got in return was a ton of hate mail. People all over the country are saying they are racist and anti-white, they are cop haters. Police officers has said that they don't want to give her the security she needs at her ________. Mayors have said they don't want her in their town. Beyonce is racist. Beyonce. I mean, racy maybe? But not racist. (Laughter) So, we just have to keep asking ourselves why are we told these _______ about the Black Panther Party, and who benefits from us knowing these lies. I want to encourage you to do your own research about the party, but be careful when you're doing your research because I've been studying this subject for 25 _____ now, and what I've __________ is that 73% of all the newspaper articles _______ about the Black Panther Party, were written by the FBI, or people the FBI recruited. So there is all this villainy and misinformation. And we spoke about Fred Hampton a second ago, and I just want to tell you that Fred Hampton and Mark Clark's family actually sued the city of Chicago, the State Attorney's Office, a jury found them guilty, and they paid them almost two million dollars. But that doesn't bring Fred back, and that doesn't stop the villainy. We have to find out the truth about this organization for ourselves, and I _________ you to do that. I also encourage you to question your own biases about what you know about ________ _______. And finally, I want to encourage you to reach out across racial lines and ethnic lines, and do your part in solving the problems that face our country today, because black people can't solve these problems on their own. _____ people can't solve them on their own. Latino people can't _____ them on their own. Unless all of us come together as a people and solve these problems, they will never be solved. So I say to you: power to the people. (Applause)

Solution


  1. bread
  2. years
  3. security
  4. women
  5. pregnant
  6. range
  7. donate
  8. bedroom
  9. information
  10. picture
  11. interrogation
  12. hospitals
  13. labeled
  14. american
  15. bullets
  16. created
  17. americans
  18. whites
  19. issues
  20. teaching
  21. children
  22. press
  23. state
  24. simply
  25. programs
  26. moment
  27. extreme
  28. moines
  29. importantly
  30. response
  31. nerve
  32. housing
  33. checked
  34. clark
  35. drove
  36. discovered
  37. bought
  38. murder
  39. professor
  40. upstairs
  41. dressed
  42. people
  43. solve
  44. encourage
  45. house
  46. cover
  47. arrest
  48. party
  49. called
  50. beyonce
  51. wrong
  52. matter
  53. wanted
  54. white
  55. asleep
  56. telling
  57. concerts
  58. began
  59. panther
  60. black
  61. hours
  62. point
  63. dropped
  64. leave
  65. business
  66. hampton
  67. outfits
  68. felon
  69. escorted
  70. prevent
  71. chicago
  72. needed
  73. leader
  74. organization
  75. stopped
  76. december
  77. illinois
  78. doctors
  79. stories
  80. health
  81. office
  82. vilifying
  83. writing
  84. hungry
  85. felons
  86. curious
  87. chapter
  88. written
  89. school
  90. grocery
  91. communities
  92. history
  93. organizations

Original Text


Good afternoon. I've been known as many things over the course of my life. I've been known as a son, a brother, a husband, an educator. But in 2008, I became known as a felon. And I became known as a felon through a very curious set of circumstances. I was teaching at a university in Mississippi at the time, teaching the History of the Civil Rights Movement, and I needed a car. So, I did what most people would do. I went on the Internet and I found a car. This car I found was in Des Moines, Iowa. So I was going to fly to Des Moines and drive the car back. A few weeks before that, I'd had a book signing, and I actually ran out of books at this book signing, but people wanted the books, so they gave me cash, and wrote me checks, and said, "The next time you come through town just bring the books with you." And I said, "OK." I'd do that. I knew that when I was driving this car back from Iowa, I was going to have to pass through this town, so, I took the books with me. I packed my stuff up, went to the airport, checked in, made my way through security. And then I hear my name over the intercom. "Curtis Austin, return to the check-in counter." And so I do. I get back to the check-in counter, and there's this bevy of airport police and TSA agents surrounding my bag, just hovering over my bag. And they've got these books, and they're looking at these books. And the book has this picture on the cover. It's a book about the Black Panther Party. And they're flummoxed. They're taken aback, you know? They've got this black man, he's got a one-way ticket to Iowa, no clothes, no toiletries, and all these books. And so they said, "Well, we're going to have to call the FBI." I said, "Whoa! The FBI? Why?" He says, "Well, that's what we do in situations like this." And that's what they did. They called the FBI. And the FBI came to the airport. TSA and airport security escorted me upstairs, put me in a room, and this FBI agent came in the room and began to interrogate me, but he had this book. He was going through this book, and then he'd ask me questions, he'd look in the book and ask me more questions, and this interrogation went on for hours. And I finally worked up the nerve to say, "Am I under arrest?" And he said, "No, we're just asking questions here." And I said, "Well, does that mean I can leave?" And he said, "Yeah, you can leave." So that's what I did. I left. I found another flight. I went to Des Moines. I bought the car and drove it back and dropped the books off and went back to work. I didn't think much more about it. I mean, I thought it was bizarre, but I grew up black in Mississippi and so you get used to the bizarre. (Laughter) And I don't think about it anymore until one day I'm talking with my boss, and she says, "Curtis, we have a problem." And I said, "OK, what kind of problem do we have?" She said, "Well, it's come to my attention that you're a felon, and we can't allow felons to teach at the University." A felon?! Wait a minute. This is a classic WTF moment for me, right? (Laughter) I don't know what's going on and she doesn't either, but she says, "I think you should call the FBI." That's what I do. I call the FBI, tell them who I am and why I'm calling, and they look me up on their system and the woman I'm talking to says, "Yeah, it says you're a felon." I said, "Well, what did I do?" She said, "I don't know." I said, "When did I do it?" She said, "I don't know." I said, "Where did I do it?" She said, "I don't know. In fact I don't have any more information. Maybe, if you call the U.S. Attorney's office, they can give you more information. She gave me the number for the U.S. Attorney's office. I called them. They looked me up in their system, and the person I spoke with said, "Yes, It says here you're a felon." And I asked the same set of questions, and got the same exact set of answers. "I don't know." It literally takes me more than two years to get this felony removed from my record. I came to understand that the felony was on my record because I had written a book about the Black Panther Party. Some of you may be familiar with the Black Panther Party. For those of you who are not, it was an organization that started in 1966 in Oakland, California, as an effort to prevent the police brutality and murder of black people. But it also organized around a range of other issues that were affecting the black community, like healthcare, and housing, and full employment, and fairness in the courts. They wanted blacks to be tried by juries of their peers because to that point they were being tried by all whites. While they were organizing around these issues, the press was vilifying them and demonizing them and telling lies about them. In fact, one of the lies is that it was this group of black men who wanted to go out and kill white people. That's what they were about. Nothing could be further from the truth. The fact of the matter is the Black Panther Party, the majority of the people in the Black Panther Party were not men, they were women. And a few years after their party started, the majority of the leadership of the Black Panther Party were women. So, It just wasn't true that there's this group of black men going around and killing white people. Another lie that has been told about this organization is it was racist and anti-white, and they just didn't like white people at all. Well, also not true, and I'll prove that to you. The Panthers would find out what the problems were in their communities and attempt to solve them. For example, they realized that children weren't learning in school, and they weren't learning because they were hungry. So they decided to feed the children. They were going to feed them before school, so they created these free breakfast programs. And the way they created these programs was to go to the grocery stores in their communities, ask the grocery store owners if they would donate milk, and bread, and eggs, and meat, and cereal, other things people eat for breakfast, and these store owners said yes, and they donated these items. All over the country, in every city where there was a chapter of the Black Panther Party, - and there were about 40 - there was a free breakfast program. It's not likely that these white business owners would donate to the Black Panther Party if they were actually racist. Another thing they did in the community to serve the people was they created free health clinics. Again, they went around and found out there were a range of health problems that needed to be attended to. Black people were rather poor, so they couldn't afford to go to doctors, couldn't afford to go to hospitals. So the Panthers went to hospitals and medical schools and asked the doctors and medical students whether they would come to the black community and deal with some of these medical issues. Overwhelmingly, they said yes. Again, all over the country, in cities wherever the Black Panther Party set up chapters, there were these free health clinics; although they were being run by the Black Panther Party, they were peopled by white people, so I don't know how they could be racist and anti-white if their signature programs were actually being supported by fairly wealthy and often middle class white people. One of the people who was very, very good at pulling individuals, white and others, into the Black Panther Party orbit, was a guy by the name of Fred Hampton. Fred Hampton was the leader of the Chicago Chapter of the Black Panther Party. He was a very eloquent speaker. He was very persuasive. Fred Hampton could persuade people that there was actual injustice. More importantly than that, he could persuade people that they should do something to combat that injustice. So in addition to going to these hospitals, and grocery stores, and getting the things they needed for their programs, Fred Hampton also worked with other groups and organizations who were Latino, Asian, Native American, even large groups of poor whites who had moved up from the South or into Chicago from Appalachia. They would work with these organizations and set up the same kinds of programs in their communities. They were very successful at this, but the government didn't like what they were doing, so in addition to vilifying and discrediting them in the press, they began to arrest its members and in very extreme cases, to kill its members. And thats exactly what happened to Fred Hampton. On December 4th, 1969, the Chicago Police Department, the Illinois State Attorney's Office, burst into Fred Hampton's apartment at 4:30 in the morning, while he and everyone else in there were asleep, and just began spraying the place with bullets. It wounded several people. There was a person guarding the door named Mark Clark. They shot him straight through the heart, and he died immediately. They make their way through the house to Fred Hampton's bedroom, find him there, he's asleep, because he's been drugged, but he's asleep next to his girlfriend who's eight and a half months pregnant, and they grab Fred Hampton by his hair and shoot him in the back of the head at point blank range twice, killing him instantly. That's the end of Fred Hampton. So we have to ask ourselves, what is it about this organization that prompt's such an irrational, over the top, and extreme response, that 40 years after the organization has died, a lowly professor like myself can be stopped in an airport, detained for hours, questioned, then labeled a felon for simply writing a book about the organization? Why does Fred Hampton have to pay with his life for simply organizing around issues, that everybody — there's nothing wrong with feeing kids, and taking care of sick people. There's nothing wrong with not wanting to be killed by the police. So we have to ask ourselves, what is it about this organization? And I'll tell you. The thing about this organization is that it was actually anti-racist, and it made a point to work with all people whether it was upper and middle class whites, lower class whites, Asians, latinos, Native Americans. Anybody who wanted to help solve these problems, this organization was willing to work with them, and that was the problem. If this interracial organization was not effective, people would not have been so dead set against it. So it wasn't just Fred Hampton who had to pay. It wasn't just me who had to pay with being labeled a felon. You probably saw this a few weeks ago. Beyonce performed at the Super Bowl, at the halftime show, and she and the women who were dancing with her, dressed up in these black leather outfits, these black berets, and they were dressed that way to pay homage to the Black Panther Party. 2016 marks the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Black Panther Party and they were trying to honor this community service organization. But what they got in return was a ton of hate mail. People all over the country are saying they are racist and anti-white, they are cop haters. Police officers has said that they don't want to give her the security she needs at her concerts. Mayors have said they don't want her in their town. Beyonce is racist. Beyonce. I mean, racy maybe? But not racist. (Laughter) So, we just have to keep asking ourselves why are we told these stories about the Black Panther Party, and who benefits from us knowing these lies. I want to encourage you to do your own research about the party, but be careful when you're doing your research because I've been studying this subject for 25 years now, and what I've discovered is that 73% of all the newspaper articles written about the Black Panther Party, were written by the FBI, or people the FBI recruited. So there is all this villainy and misinformation. And we spoke about Fred Hampton a second ago, and I just want to tell you that Fred Hampton and Mark Clark's family actually sued the city of Chicago, the State Attorney's Office, a jury found them guilty, and they paid them almost two million dollars. But that doesn't bring Fred back, and that doesn't stop the villainy. We have to find out the truth about this organization for ourselves, and I encourage you to do that. I also encourage you to question your own biases about what you know about American history. And finally, I want to encourage you to reach out across racial lines and ethnic lines, and do your part in solving the problems that face our country today, because black people can't solve these problems on their own. White people can't solve them on their own. Latino people can't solve them on their own. Unless all of us come together as a people and solve these problems, they will never be solved. So I say to you: power to the people. (Applause)

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations


ngrams of length 2

collocation frequency
black panther 16
panther party 11
fred hampton 11
white people 5
black people 3
des moines 2
black men 2
free breakfast 2
store owners 2
free health 2
middle class 2
persuade people 2

ngrams of length 3

collocation frequency
black panther party 11


Important Words


  1. aback
  2. actual
  3. addition
  4. affecting
  5. afford
  6. afternoon
  7. agent
  8. agents
  9. airport
  10. american
  11. americans
  12. anniversary
  13. answers
  14. anymore
  15. apartment
  16. appalachia
  17. applause
  18. arrest
  19. articles
  20. asian
  21. asians
  22. asked
  23. asleep
  24. attempt
  25. attended
  26. attention
  27. austin
  28. bag
  29. bedroom
  30. began
  31. benefits
  32. berets
  33. bevy
  34. beyonce
  35. biases
  36. bizarre
  37. black
  38. blacks
  39. blank
  40. book
  41. books
  42. boss
  43. bought
  44. bowl
  45. bread
  46. breakfast
  47. bring
  48. brother
  49. brutality
  50. bullets
  51. burst
  52. business
  53. california
  54. call
  55. called
  56. calling
  57. car
  58. care
  59. careful
  60. cases
  61. cash
  62. cereal
  63. chapter
  64. chapters
  65. checked
  66. checks
  67. chicago
  68. children
  69. circumstances
  70. cities
  71. city
  72. civil
  73. clark
  74. class
  75. classic
  76. clinics
  77. clothes
  78. combat
  79. communities
  80. community
  81. concerts
  82. cop
  83. counter
  84. country
  85. courts
  86. cover
  87. created
  88. curious
  89. dancing
  90. day
  91. dead
  92. deal
  93. december
  94. decided
  95. demonizing
  96. department
  97. des
  98. detained
  99. died
  100. discovered
  101. discrediting
  102. doctors
  103. dollars
  104. donate
  105. donated
  106. door
  107. dressed
  108. drive
  109. driving
  110. dropped
  111. drove
  112. drugged
  113. eat
  114. educator
  115. effective
  116. effort
  117. eggs
  118. eloquent
  119. employment
  120. encourage
  121. escorted
  122. ethnic
  123. exact
  124. extreme
  125. face
  126. fact
  127. fairness
  128. familiar
  129. family
  130. fbi
  131. feed
  132. feeing
  133. felon
  134. felons
  135. felony
  136. finally
  137. find
  138. flight
  139. flummoxed
  140. fly
  141. founding
  142. fred
  143. free
  144. full
  145. gave
  146. girlfriend
  147. give
  148. good
  149. government
  150. grab
  151. grew
  152. grocery
  153. group
  154. groups
  155. guarding
  156. guilty
  157. guy
  158. hair
  159. halftime
  160. hampton
  161. happened
  162. hate
  163. haters
  164. head
  165. health
  166. healthcare
  167. hear
  168. heart
  169. history
  170. homage
  171. honor
  172. hospitals
  173. hours
  174. house
  175. housing
  176. hovering
  177. hungry
  178. husband
  179. illinois
  180. immediately
  181. importantly
  182. individuals
  183. information
  184. injustice
  185. instantly
  186. intercom
  187. internet
  188. interracial
  189. interrogate
  190. interrogation
  191. iowa
  192. irrational
  193. issues
  194. items
  195. juries
  196. jury
  197. kids
  198. kill
  199. killed
  200. killing
  201. kind
  202. kinds
  203. knew
  204. knowing
  205. labeled
  206. large
  207. latino
  208. latinos
  209. laughter
  210. leader
  211. leadership
  212. learning
  213. leather
  214. leave
  215. left
  216. lie
  217. lies
  218. life
  219. lines
  220. literally
  221. looked
  222. lowly
  223. mail
  224. majority
  225. man
  226. mark
  227. marks
  228. matter
  229. mayors
  230. meat
  231. medical
  232. members
  233. men
  234. middle
  235. milk
  236. million
  237. minute
  238. misinformation
  239. mississippi
  240. moines
  241. moment
  242. months
  243. morning
  244. moved
  245. movement
  246. murder
  247. named
  248. native
  249. needed
  250. nerve
  251. newspaper
  252. number
  253. oakland
  254. office
  255. officers
  256. orbit
  257. organization
  258. organizations
  259. organized
  260. organizing
  261. outfits
  262. overwhelmingly
  263. owners
  264. packed
  265. paid
  266. panther
  267. panthers
  268. part
  269. party
  270. pass
  271. pay
  272. peers
  273. people
  274. peopled
  275. performed
  276. person
  277. persuade
  278. persuasive
  279. picture
  280. place
  281. point
  282. police
  283. poor
  284. power
  285. pregnant
  286. press
  287. prevent
  288. problem
  289. problems
  290. professor
  291. program
  292. programs
  293. prove
  294. pulling
  295. put
  296. question
  297. questioned
  298. questions
  299. racial
  300. racist
  301. racy
  302. ran
  303. range
  304. reach
  305. realized
  306. record
  307. recruited
  308. removed
  309. research
  310. response
  311. return
  312. rights
  313. room
  314. run
  315. school
  316. schools
  317. security
  318. serve
  319. service
  320. set
  321. shoot
  322. shot
  323. show
  324. sick
  325. signature
  326. signing
  327. simply
  328. situations
  329. solve
  330. solved
  331. solving
  332. son
  333. south
  334. speaker
  335. spoke
  336. spraying
  337. started
  338. state
  339. stop
  340. stopped
  341. store
  342. stores
  343. stories
  344. straight
  345. students
  346. studying
  347. stuff
  348. subject
  349. successful
  350. sued
  351. super
  352. supported
  353. surrounding
  354. system
  355. takes
  356. talking
  357. teach
  358. teaching
  359. telling
  360. thought
  361. ticket
  362. time
  363. today
  364. toiletries
  365. told
  366. ton
  367. top
  368. town
  369. true
  370. truth
  371. tsa
  372. understand
  373. university
  374. upper
  375. upstairs
  376. vilifying
  377. villainy
  378. wait
  379. wanted
  380. wanting
  381. wealthy
  382. weeks
  383. white
  384. whites
  385. woman
  386. women
  387. work
  388. worked
  389. wounded
  390. writing
  391. written
  392. wrong
  393. wrote
  394. wtf
  395. years