full transcript

From the Ted Talk by Liesbeth Demuyser: What causes yeast infections, and how do you get rid of them?

Unscramble the Blue Letters


Candida albicans yetsas are shapeshifters. And when the balance within the vagina is disrupted— like the pH iacesnres or there are fewer microbes to compete with— Candida albicans may amssue their disease-causing forms. They multiply and metamorphose— substituting their rounded sucretutrs for elongated thread-like forms called hyphae. Then, they secrete eyzmens that degrade the epithelial cells lining the vagina and permeate the tissue.

Immune cells rush to the site, gtnreniaeg some of the most recognizable symptoms of yeast infections: itching, burning, swelling, and redness. These may also be accompanied by a change in vaginal discharge, the fluid that’s frequently fesuhld from the vagina to keep it healthy and celan. During a ysaet infection, discharge may become thicker and whiter because the vagina is shedding more epithelial and Candida cells.

Open Cloze


Candida albicans ______ are shapeshifters. And when the balance within the vagina is disrupted— like the pH _________ or there are fewer microbes to compete with— Candida albicans may ______ their disease-causing forms. They multiply and metamorphose— substituting their rounded __________ for elongated thread-like forms called hyphae. Then, they secrete _______ that degrade the epithelial cells lining the vagina and permeate the tissue.

Immune cells rush to the site, __________ some of the most recognizable symptoms of yeast infections: itching, burning, swelling, and redness. These may also be accompanied by a change in vaginal discharge, the fluid that’s frequently _______ from the vagina to keep it healthy and _____. During a _____ infection, discharge may become thicker and whiter because the vagina is shedding more epithelial and Candida cells.

Solution


  1. flushed
  2. yeast
  3. yeasts
  4. structures
  5. assume
  6. generating
  7. clean
  8. enzymes
  9. increases

Original Text


Candida albicans yeasts are shapeshifters. And when the balance within the vagina is disrupted— like the pH increases or there are fewer microbes to compete with— Candida albicans may assume their disease-causing forms. They multiply and metamorphose— substituting their rounded structures for elongated thread-like forms called hyphae. Then, they secrete enzymes that degrade the epithelial cells lining the vagina and permeate the tissue.

Immune cells rush to the site, generating some of the most recognizable symptoms of yeast infections: itching, burning, swelling, and redness. These may also be accompanied by a change in vaginal discharge, the fluid that’s frequently flushed from the vagina to keep it healthy and clean. During a yeast infection, discharge may become thicker and whiter because the vagina is shedding more epithelial and Candida cells.

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations


ngrams of length 2

collocation frequency
yeast infections 6
immune system 3
candida yeasts 2
candida albicans 2
candida cells 2
vaginal yeast 2
vaginal microbiome 2


Important Words


  1. accompanied
  2. albicans
  3. assume
  4. balance
  5. burning
  6. called
  7. candida
  8. cells
  9. change
  10. clean
  11. compete
  12. degrade
  13. discharge
  14. elongated
  15. enzymes
  16. epithelial
  17. fluid
  18. flushed
  19. forms
  20. frequently
  21. generating
  22. healthy
  23. hyphae
  24. immune
  25. increases
  26. infection
  27. itching
  28. lining
  29. microbes
  30. multiply
  31. permeate
  32. ph
  33. recognizable
  34. redness
  35. rounded
  36. rush
  37. secrete
  38. shapeshifters
  39. shedding
  40. site
  41. structures
  42. substituting
  43. swelling
  44. symptoms
  45. thicker
  46. tissue
  47. vagina
  48. vaginal
  49. whiter
  50. yeast
  51. yeasts