TedTest

From the Ted Talk by Douglas J. Casa: What happens when you get heat stroke?

Unscramble the Blue Letters

In 1985, 16-year-old Douglas Casa, ran the championship 10,000 meetr track race at the Empire satte Games. Suddenly, with just 200 meters to go, he collapsed, got back up and then collapsed again on the final straightaway, with his body temperature at dangerous levels. He had suffered an exertional heat sortke. Fortunately, with immediate and proper treatment, he survived the potentially ftaal edopise and has since helped save 167 people in siialmr circumstances. From ancient soldiers on the battlefield to modern day warriors on the gridiron, exertional heat stroke, or sunstroke, has long been a serious concern. And unlike classical heat stroke, which affects vauenllrbe people such as infants and the elledry during heat waves, eoxeanitrl heat stroke is caused by istnene exercise in the heat, and is one of the top three killers of athletes and soldiers in training. When you exercise, nearly 80% of the energy you use is transformed into heat. In normal circumstances, this is what's known as compensable heat stress. And your body can dissipate the heat as qluckiy as it's generated through cooling methods like the evaporation of sweat. But with uncompensable heat stress, your body is unable to lose enough heat due to overexertion or high temperatures in humidity, which raises your core temperature beyond normal lvlees. This causes the proteins and cell membranes to denature, creating cells that no lngoer function properly and begin to leak their contents. If these leaky cells proliferate through the body, the results can be devastating. icdniunlg lievr damage, blood clot formation in the kidneys, damage to the gastrointestinal tract and even the failure of viatl organs. So how do you diagnose an exertional heat stroke? The main cteiirron is a core body temperature greater than 40 degrees Celsius observed along with piscyhal symptoms such as increased heart rate, low blood pressure and rapid breathing or signs of central nureovs system disfunction such as cofseund baohvier, areggsoisn or loss of cecsnsisouons. The most feasible and accurate way to assess core body temperature is with a rectal thermometer as other common temperature-taking methods are not accurate in these circumstances. As far as treatment goes, the most important thing to remember is cool first, transport second. Because the human body can withstand a core tuetmarrepe above 40 degrees Celsius for about 30 minutes before cell dgaame sets in, it's essential to initiate rapid ciolong on site in order to lower it as quickly as possible. After any athletic or pvrtieocte gear has been removed from the victim, place them in an ice water tub while stirring the wtaer and monitoring vitals continuously. If this is not possible, dsuinog in ice water and applying wet towels over the entire body can help. But before you start anything, emergency siecrevs should be called. As you wait, it's important to keep the victim calm while cooling as much srfuace area as possible until emergency personnel arrive. If medical sfatf are available on site, cooling should continue until a core temperature of 38.9 degrees Celsius is reached. The sun is known for gnivig life, but it can also take life away if we're not careful, even affecting the strongest among us. As Dr. JJ Levick wrote of exertional heat stroke in 1859, "It strikes down its victim with his full aormr on. ytouh, health and sentgtrh oppose no obstacle to its power." But although this condition is one of the top three leading causes of detah in strops, it has been 100% survivable with proper care.

Open Cloze

In 1985, 16-year-old Douglas Casa, ran the championship 10,000 _____ track race at the Empire _____ Games. Suddenly, with just 200 meters to go, he collapsed, got back up and then collapsed again on the final straightaway, with his body temperature at dangerous levels. He had suffered an exertional heat ______. Fortunately, with immediate and proper treatment, he survived the potentially _____ _______ and has since helped save 167 people in _______ circumstances. From ancient soldiers on the battlefield to modern day warriors on the gridiron, exertional heat stroke, or sunstroke, has long been a serious concern. And unlike classical heat stroke, which affects __________ people such as infants and the _______ during heat waves, __________ heat stroke is caused by _______ exercise in the heat, and is one of the top three killers of athletes and soldiers in training. When you exercise, nearly 80% of the energy you use is transformed into heat. In normal circumstances, this is what's known as compensable heat stress. And your body can dissipate the heat as _______ as it's generated through cooling methods like the evaporation of sweat. But with uncompensable heat stress, your body is unable to lose enough heat due to overexertion or high temperatures in humidity, which raises your core temperature beyond normal ______. This causes the proteins and cell membranes to denature, creating cells that no ______ function properly and begin to leak their contents. If these leaky cells proliferate through the body, the results can be devastating. _________ _____ damage, blood clot formation in the kidneys, damage to the gastrointestinal tract and even the failure of _____ organs. So how do you diagnose an exertional heat stroke? The main _________ is a core body temperature greater than 40 degrees Celsius observed along with ________ symptoms such as increased heart rate, low blood pressure and rapid breathing or signs of central _______ system disfunction such as ________ ________, __________ or loss of _____________. The most feasible and accurate way to assess core body temperature is with a rectal thermometer as other common temperature-taking methods are not accurate in these circumstances. As far as treatment goes, the most important thing to remember is cool first, transport second. Because the human body can withstand a core ___________ above 40 degrees Celsius for about 30 minutes before cell ______ sets in, it's essential to initiate rapid _______ on site in order to lower it as quickly as possible. After any athletic or __________ gear has been removed from the victim, place them in an ice water tub while stirring the _____ and monitoring vitals continuously. If this is not possible, _______ in ice water and applying wet towels over the entire body can help. But before you start anything, emergency ________ should be called. As you wait, it's important to keep the victim calm while cooling as much _______ area as possible until emergency personnel arrive. If medical _____ are available on site, cooling should continue until a core temperature of 38.9 degrees Celsius is reached. The sun is known for ______ life, but it can also take life away if we're not careful, even affecting the strongest among us. As Dr. JJ Levick wrote of exertional heat stroke in 1859, "It strikes down its victim with his full _____ on. _____, health and ________ oppose no obstacle to its power." But although this condition is one of the top three leading causes of _____ in ______, it has been 100% survivable with proper care.

Solution

behavior
meter
elderly
episode
protective
stroke
confused
criterion
physical
state
levels
damage
intense
consciousness
nervous
youth
death
cooling
longer
aggression
water
services
fatal
surface
including
temperature
liver
similar
vulnerable
quickly
vital
sports
staff
dousing
strength
exertional
armor
giving

Original Text

In 1985, 16-year-old Douglas Casa, ran the championship 10,000 meter track race at the Empire State Games. Suddenly, with just 200 meters to go, he collapsed, got back up and then collapsed again on the final straightaway, with his body temperature at dangerous levels. He had suffered an exertional heat stroke. Fortunately, with immediate and proper treatment, he survived the potentially fatal episode and has since helped save 167 people in similar circumstances. From ancient soldiers on the battlefield to modern day warriors on the gridiron, exertional heat stroke, or sunstroke, has long been a serious concern. And unlike classical heat stroke, which affects vulnerable people such as infants and the elderly during heat waves, exertional heat stroke is caused by intense exercise in the heat, and is one of the top three killers of athletes and soldiers in training. When you exercise, nearly 80% of the energy you use is transformed into heat. In normal circumstances, this is what's known as compensable heat stress. And your body can dissipate the heat as quickly as it's generated through cooling methods like the evaporation of sweat. But with uncompensable heat stress, your body is unable to lose enough heat due to overexertion or high temperatures in humidity, which raises your core temperature beyond normal levels. This causes the proteins and cell membranes to denature, creating cells that no longer function properly and begin to leak their contents. If these leaky cells proliferate through the body, the results can be devastating. Including liver damage, blood clot formation in the kidneys, damage to the gastrointestinal tract and even the failure of vital organs. So how do you diagnose an exertional heat stroke? The main criterion is a core body temperature greater than 40 degrees Celsius observed along with physical symptoms such as increased heart rate, low blood pressure and rapid breathing or signs of central nervous system disfunction such as confused behavior, aggression or loss of consciousness. The most feasible and accurate way to assess core body temperature is with a rectal thermometer as other common temperature-taking methods are not accurate in these circumstances. As far as treatment goes, the most important thing to remember is cool first, transport second. Because the human body can withstand a core temperature above 40 degrees Celsius for about 30 minutes before cell damage sets in, it's essential to initiate rapid cooling on site in order to lower it as quickly as possible. After any athletic or protective gear has been removed from the victim, place them in an ice water tub while stirring the water and monitoring vitals continuously. If this is not possible, dousing in ice water and applying wet towels over the entire body can help. But before you start anything, emergency services should be called. As you wait, it's important to keep the victim calm while cooling as much surface area as possible until emergency personnel arrive. If medical staff are available on site, cooling should continue until a core temperature of 38.9 degrees Celsius is reached. The sun is known for giving life, but it can also take life away if we're not careful, even affecting the strongest among us. As Dr. JJ Levick wrote of exertional heat stroke in 1859, "It strikes down its victim with his full armor on. Youth, health and strength oppose no obstacle to its power." But although this condition is one of the top three leading causes of death in sports, it has been 100% survivable with proper care.

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations

ngrams of length 2

collocation	frequency
exertional heat	5
body temperature	3
heat stroke	3
core temperature	3
degrees celsius	3
core body	2
ice water	2

ngrams of length 3

collocation	frequency
exertional heat stroke	3
core body temperature	2

Important Words

accurate
affecting
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ancient
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area
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arrive
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athletic
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failure
fatal
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final
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fortunately
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gastrointestinal
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jj
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levick
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long
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main
medical
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meter
meters
methods
minutes
modern
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nervous
normal
observed
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oppose
order
organs
overexertion
people
personnel
physical
place
potentially
power
pressure
proliferate
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remember
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similar
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soldiers
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start
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wrote
youth