full transcript

From the Ted Talk by Kaitlyn Sadtler and Heather J. Faust: Why haven't we cured arthritis?

Unscramble the Blue Letters


With so many factors causing arthritis, our current tartnetmes are tailored to taclke specific symptoms rather than underlying causes. These ragne from promising MACI techniques, which harvest clles from small pieces of cartilage to grow replacement tissue. To a thncuqeie called mrcftrcirauoe, where surgeons ctreae small holes in the bone, allowing bone marrow stem cells to leak out and form new cartilage. As a last resort, people with withered cartilage can even undergo full jonit rptelamecens.

But outside these drastic measures, the uenynirdlg drivers of autoimmune arthritis still present a unique treatment challenge. Scientists are mnikag progress with therapies that block TNF-alpha, one of the primary proteins causing inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. But even this approach only treats the symptoms of the condition, not the cause.

Open Cloze


With so many factors causing arthritis, our current __________ are tailored to ______ specific symptoms rather than underlying causes. These _____ from promising MACI techniques, which harvest _____ from small pieces of cartilage to grow replacement tissue. To a _________ called _____________, where surgeons ______ small holes in the bone, allowing bone marrow stem cells to leak out and form new cartilage. As a last resort, people with withered cartilage can even undergo full _____ ____________.

But outside these drastic measures, the __________ drivers of autoimmune arthritis still present a unique treatment challenge. Scientists are ______ progress with therapies that block TNF-alpha, one of the primary proteins causing inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. But even this approach only treats the symptoms of the condition, not the cause.

Solution


  1. joint
  2. underlying
  3. cells
  4. create
  5. range
  6. microfracture
  7. replacements
  8. tackle
  9. technique
  10. making
  11. treatments

Original Text


With so many factors causing arthritis, our current treatments are tailored to tackle specific symptoms rather than underlying causes. These range from promising MACI techniques, which harvest cells from small pieces of cartilage to grow replacement tissue. To a technique called microfracture, where surgeons create small holes in the bone, allowing bone marrow stem cells to leak out and form new cartilage. As a last resort, people with withered cartilage can even undergo full joint replacements.

But outside these drastic measures, the underlying drivers of autoimmune arthritis still present a unique treatment challenge. Scientists are making progress with therapies that block TNF-alpha, one of the primary proteins causing inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. But even this approach only treats the symptoms of the condition, not the cause.

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations


ngrams of length 2

collocation frequency
immune cells 3
arthritic conditions 2
joint pain 2


Important Words


  1. allowing
  2. approach
  3. arthritis
  4. autoimmune
  5. block
  6. bone
  7. called
  8. cartilage
  9. causing
  10. cells
  11. challenge
  12. condition
  13. create
  14. current
  15. drastic
  16. drivers
  17. factors
  18. form
  19. full
  20. grow
  21. harvest
  22. holes
  23. inflammation
  24. joint
  25. leak
  26. maci
  27. making
  28. marrow
  29. measures
  30. microfracture
  31. people
  32. pieces
  33. present
  34. primary
  35. progress
  36. promising
  37. proteins
  38. range
  39. replacement
  40. replacements
  41. resort
  42. rheumatoid
  43. scientists
  44. small
  45. specific
  46. stem
  47. surgeons
  48. symptoms
  49. tackle
  50. tailored
  51. technique
  52. techniques
  53. therapies
  54. tissue
  55. treatment
  56. treatments
  57. treats
  58. undergo
  59. underlying
  60. unique
  61. withered