full transcript

From the Ted Talk by Jen Gunter: Why healthy bones are about so much more than milk

Unscramble the Blue Letters


Many people think of a Halloween skeleton when they imagine bone, but that only gives us a one-dimensional view. Bone actually has three layers. On the outside, there's the periosteum, a tough mnmearbe that covers and protects. Next, there's a thick layer of compact bone, the withe, hard, smooth part that most people are familiar with. But inside, there is sgnopy or trabecular bone, and an inner core filled with bone marrow, which contains stem cells that make blood and are cnntaotlsy dividing.

Most people understand that our bones grow when we're kids and adolescents. We rcaeh our peak bone mass in our 20s. What many poelpe don't know is even after we stop growing, we are constantly rmionevg old bone and replacing it with new. One estimate is enough bone is removed and reeaplcd that a new skeleton is made every 10 yeras. After we reach our peak bone mass, bone removal starts to outpace replacement. This can eventually affect the integrity of the bone and it lowers the bone mass or the amount of bone that we have. The bone disease osteoporosis is an extreme version of this pescros. Bone loss outpaces rlepncaemet, and cimbnoed with other changes, this can lead to so much fragility that even small bumps or falls can create fractures.

Open Cloze


Many people think of a Halloween skeleton when they imagine bone, but that only gives us a one-dimensional view. Bone actually has three layers. On the outside, there's the periosteum, a tough ________ that covers and protects. Next, there's a thick layer of compact bone, the _____, hard, smooth part that most people are familiar with. But inside, there is ______ or trabecular bone, and an inner core filled with bone marrow, which contains stem cells that make blood and are __________ dividing.

Most people understand that our bones grow when we're kids and adolescents. We _____ our peak bone mass in our 20s. What many ______ don't know is even after we stop growing, we are constantly ________ old bone and replacing it with new. One estimate is enough bone is removed and ________ that a new skeleton is made every 10 _____. After we reach our peak bone mass, bone removal starts to outpace replacement. This can eventually affect the integrity of the bone and it lowers the bone mass or the amount of bone that we have. The bone disease osteoporosis is an extreme version of this _______. Bone loss outpaces ___________, and ________ with other changes, this can lead to so much fragility that even small bumps or falls can create fractures.

Solution


  1. people
  2. combined
  3. years
  4. replacement
  5. constantly
  6. process
  7. spongy
  8. membrane
  9. replaced
  10. removing
  11. reach
  12. white

Original Text


Many people think of a Halloween skeleton when they imagine bone, but that only gives us a one-dimensional view. Bone actually has three layers. On the outside, there's the periosteum, a tough membrane that covers and protects. Next, there's a thick layer of compact bone, the white, hard, smooth part that most people are familiar with. But inside, there is spongy or trabecular bone, and an inner core filled with bone marrow, which contains stem cells that make blood and are constantly dividing.

Most people understand that our bones grow when we're kids and adolescents. We reach our peak bone mass in our 20s. What many people don't know is even after we stop growing, we are constantly removing old bone and replacing it with new. One estimate is enough bone is removed and replaced that a new skeleton is made every 10 years. After we reach our peak bone mass, bone removal starts to outpace replacement. This can eventually affect the integrity of the bone and it lowers the bone mass or the amount of bone that we have. The bone disease osteoporosis is an extreme version of this process. Bone loss outpaces replacement, and combined with other changes, this can lead to so much fragility that even small bumps or falls can create fractures.

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations


ngrams of length 2

collocation frequency
bone health 3
peak bone 2
bone mass 2


Important Words


  1. adolescents
  2. affect
  3. amount
  4. blood
  5. bone
  6. bones
  7. bumps
  8. cells
  9. combined
  10. compact
  11. constantly
  12. core
  13. covers
  14. create
  15. disease
  16. dividing
  17. estimate
  18. eventually
  19. extreme
  20. falls
  21. familiar
  22. filled
  23. fractures
  24. fragility
  25. grow
  26. growing
  27. halloween
  28. hard
  29. imagine
  30. integrity
  31. kids
  32. layer
  33. layers
  34. lead
  35. loss
  36. lowers
  37. marrow
  38. mass
  39. membrane
  40. osteoporosis
  41. outpace
  42. outpaces
  43. part
  44. peak
  45. people
  46. periosteum
  47. process
  48. protects
  49. reach
  50. removal
  51. removed
  52. removing
  53. replaced
  54. replacement
  55. replacing
  56. skeleton
  57. small
  58. smooth
  59. spongy
  60. starts
  61. stem
  62. stop
  63. thick
  64. tough
  65. trabecular
  66. understand
  67. version
  68. view
  69. white
  70. years